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a) Program: A program is a specific set of instructionsfor a computerto accomplish a given task.
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b) Compiler: A compiler is a special software program. Itis used to transform the symbolic programming language (sourcecode) into the machine programming language (object code).
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c) Source program: A source program is a set ofinstructions in a symbolic programming language. It cannot beexecuted until the compilation process which is used to convert thesymbolic language into the machine language.
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d) Object program: An object program is the outcome ofthe compiler that is the converted machine language program.
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e) Batch program: A batch program is a program whichcontains a large amount of collected data at periodic intervals andwhich will be processed later.
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f) Interactive program: An interactive program is aprogram which is used to get the data from the user by usage of thekeyboard, with the result being displayed on the screenimmediately.
Table of Contents
Unit I The Basics
1 An Introduction to Structured Program Design in COBOL 2
2 The IDENTIFICATION and ENVIRONMENT DIVISIONs 40
3 The DATA DIVISION 62
4 Coding Complete COBOL Programs: The PROCEDURE DIVISION 104
Unit II Designing Structured Programs
5 Designing and Debugging Batch and Interactive COBOL Programs 138
6 Moving Data, Printing Information, and Displaying Output Interactively 184
7 Computing in COBOL: The Arithmetic Verbs and Intrinsic Functions 259
8 Decision Making Using the IF and EVALUATE Statements 302
9 Iteration: Beyond the Basic PERFORM 344
Unit III Writing High-Level COBOL Programs
10 Control Break Processing 386
The 21st Century Technology
11 Data Validation 435
12 Array Processing and Table Handling 472
Cobol For The 21st Century 11th Edition Pdf Download Pdf
Unit IV File Maintenance
13 Sequential File Processing 562
14 Sorting and Merging 617
15 Indexed and Relative File Processing 645
Unit V Advanced Topics
16 Improving Program Productivity Using the COPY, CALL, and Other Statements 712
17 The Report Writer Module 737
Appendixes
A COBOL Character Set and Reserved Words A-2
B Differences Among the COBOL Standards A-7
C Glossary A-11
Index I-1